Antacid Basics: Relief for Heartburn and Acid Reflux

Feeling that burning sensation after a big meal? Chances are your stomach acid is spilling over into the esophagus. Antacids are the quick‑fix many people reach for to neutralize that acid and ease the discomfort. They’re sold over the counter, cheap, and work within minutes. Let’s break down what they are, how they work, and what to watch out for.

How Antacids Work

Antacids contain alkaline substances like calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, or aluminum hydroxide. When you swallow one, the alkaline compounds react with stomach acid (hydrochloric acid) to form water and neutral salts. This chemical reaction raises the pH in your stomach, lowering acidity and stopping the burn.

The effect is fast but short‑lived. Most antacids start working in 5‑10 minutes and last for about an hour or two. That’s why they’re ideal for occasional heartburn after a spicy dinner, but they aren’t a long‑term solution for chronic gastro‑esophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Choosing the Right Antacid

Not all antacids are created equal. Calcium carbonate (Tums, Rolaids) is strong and works quickly, but it can cause constipation if you take too much. Magnesium‑based formulas (Mylanta, Maalox) are gentler on the bowels but may lead to diarrhea. Some products combine both to balance the side effects.

If you’re on other medications, check for interactions. Aluminum and magnesium can bind to certain drugs, reducing their absorption. A good rule of thumb is to take antacids at least two hours apart from prescription meds.

For people with kidney problems, avoid high‑magnesium or high‑aluminum formulas because the minerals can build up in the blood. In those cases, a calcium‑based antacid or a prescription‑strength option may be safer.

When you’re deciding which brand to try, look at the active ingredient list, dosage strength, and any added flavorings if you dislike chalky tastes. Many brands now offer chewable tablets, liquid suspensions, and even effervescent powders to suit different preferences.

Remember, antacids are a symptom‑reliever, not a cure. If you need them more than twice a week, talk to a doctor. Persistent heartburn could signal an ulcer, GERD, or another condition that needs prescription treatment.

In short, antacids are a handy tool for occasional acid trouble. Pick a formula that matches your stomach’s quirks, mind the timing with other meds, and keep an eye on side effects. With the right choice, you’ll have fast, reliable relief without the drama.